DEMOGRAPHIC AND FORENSIC PROFILE OF SEXUAL ASSAULT VICTIMS PRESENTING TO A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL: A SEVEN-YEAR RETROSPECTIVE STUDY FROM TAMILNADU

Abstract

Background: Sexual assault is a major public health and medico-legal concern in India, disproportionately affecting vulnerable populations such as minors and individuals with disabilities. Data from rural Tamil Nadu remain limited.

Objectives: To describe demographic characteristics, perpetrator profiles, abuse patterns, and forensic findings among female sexual assault victims over a seven-year period.

Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted using medico-legal records of 117 female sexual assault victims examined at a rural tertiary care hospital from January 2012 to December 2018. Variables included age, residence, disability status, perpetrator relationship, duration of abuse, forensic findings, and pregnancy outcomes. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Additionally, exploratory bivariate analysis was performed to identify factors associated with pregnancy outcomes.

Results: The mean age was 20.67 years, with 48.7% minors. Most victims were from rural areas (83%), and 19.6% had disabilities. All perpetrators were known to victims, predominantly family members (38.5%). Abuse duration extended up to 20 years. Genital injuries were observed in 98.3% of cases, while extragenital injuries were rare (6.8%). Pregnancy occurred in 11.1% of victims.

Conclusion: The findings highlight increased vulnerability among minors, rural populations, and individuals with disabilities. The predominance of known perpetrators emphasizes the need for family- and community-based preventive strategies. Strengthening early reporting mechanisms and post-assault care is essential.